A core master of Impressionism, he is celebrated for his warm and brilliant colors depicting human skin under light and shadow, joyous gatherings, and plump nudes, earning him the title "painter of happiness and beauty."

The purest Impressionist landscape master, he devoted his life to the serene riverbanks, skies, and snow scenes of the French countryside, rendered with delicate brushwork and poetic harmony.

An important representative of Neo-Impressionism (Pointillism) who later turned to Fauvism, he used the pointillist technique to capture industrial landscapes, river views, and striking light-and-shadow contrasts in the suburbs of Paris.

The dreamy poet of Surrealism, he wove Russian villages, Jewish folklore, and floating lovers into vividly colored fairy tales, where sky and earth freely reverse.

A color magician of the Nabis, he rendered intimate interiors and bathers in a shimmering mosaic of warm hues, evoking the hazy sweetness of memory.

A forerunner of Post-Impressionism, he pioneered Cloisonnism with flat color planes and dark outlines, his stark yet powerful style deeply influencing Gauguin and Van Gogh.

The embodiment of 20th‑century artistic revolution, he subverted perspective with Cubism; his Blue Period melancholy and later wild metamorphoses forever redefined painting itself.

The most playfully imaginative of the Surrealists, he constructed a universe between dream and innocence with free‑flowing lines, bright color patches, and enigmatic symbols.

A Russian‑born master of Abstract Expressionism, he built emotional storms with impasto color masses and intense clashes, turning the canvas into an improvisational symphony of hues.

A pioneer of Lyrical Abstraction, he pioneered European action painting with explosive, improvised brushstrokes and poured paint, his canvases charged with dramatic intensity.

A master of Abstract Expressionism, he probed the inner energy of painting with sharp black-and-white lines and dynamic scratched gestures, his work sweeping the eye like a tempest.

The standard-bearer of Miserabilism, he depicted postwar figures and objects with stark, angular black lines and muted gray-greens, his work steeped in solitude and cutting modernity.

The founding father of Op Art, he generated dynamic optical illusions through precise geometric patterns and stark or vibrant contrasts, pushing painting to the frontiers of perception

A French abstract sculptor, he constructed architectural spatial forms with welded metal and geometric modules, his works taut and cool, pulsating with a mechanical rhythm.

A color poet of American Abstract Expressionism, he wove rhythms of light and breath onto canvas with splashed bright dots and fluid fields, deeply imbued with Zen sensibility.